17. Comprehension activity INDUSTRY TYPES 3.According to goods produced Heavy industry: Also called basic industry. It transforms raw materials into semi-finished products that are then used in other industries. Characteristics: Coal, iron, copper, bauxite, petroleum or natural gas are some of the chief raw materials used in this industry. Usually located near mines, and energy sources, or near ports of energy for raw materials to reduce the transportation price of raw materials. Very polluting, are usually located outside towns and cities. Metallurgical or steel industry and heavy chemical industry are examples of this. Requires high investment in raw materials and energy sources. Capital goods industry: It transforms semi-finished products manufactured by heavy industry into finished goods and products for use in other industries. Characteristics: The most important raw materials they use are iron, steel and other metals produced buy basic industry. Construction materials, industrial and agricultural machinery, transport means (airplanes, ships, trains, etc), paper or aerospace are examples of this. Light industry, also called consumer goods industry provides products for direct consumption. Characteristics: It transforms goods for direct consumption by transforming products of basic industries or agriculture, fishing, etc. Food, textile, automobile, light chemical products (cosmetics, plastics, etc.) are examples of this. Until recent decades, usually located near cities and transport links. Needs fewer raw materials and energy resources than heavy and capital goods industries. High-technology (high-tech) industry, refers to industries whose processing techniques usually involve micro-electronics. Charavteristics: They need very few people, but highly qualified and skilled workers. These modern factories often have their own research and development units. They are feer to choose their location but they like to be located near motorways and airports.

17. Ulermen jarduera INDUSTRIA MOTAK 3. Ekoizitako ondasunen arabera Industria astuna: Oinarrizko industria ere deitzen zaio. Lehengaiak erdi amaitutako produktu bihurtzen ditu, gero beste industria batzuetan erabiltzen direnak. Ezaugarriak: Ikatza, burdina, kobrea, bauxita, petrolioa edo gas naturala dira industria honetan erabilitako lehengai nagusietako batzuk. Normalean meategien eta energia iturrien inguruan edo lehengaien energia portuetatik gertu kokatzen da lehengaien garraio prezioa murrizteko. Oso kutsakorrak, herri eta hirietatik kanpo egon ohi dira. Metalurgia edo siderurgia eta industria kimiko astuna dira horren adibide. Lehengaietan eta energia-iturrietan inbertsio handia eskatzen du. Ekipo ondasunen industria: industria astunak fabrikatutako produktu erdi-amaituak ondasun amaitutako eta beste industria batzuetan erabiltzeko produktu bihurtzen ditu. Ezaugarriak: Erabiltzen dituzten lehengai garrantzitsuenak burdinak, altzairuak eta sortutako beste metal batzuk dira oinarrizko industria erosten dutenak. Eraikuntzako materialak, industria eta nekazaritzako makinak, garraiobideak (hegazkinak, itsasontziak, trenak, etab.), Papera edo aeroespaziala dira horren adibide. Industria arinak, kontsumo ondasunen industria ere deitua, zuzeneko kontsumorako produktuak eskaintzen ditu. Ezaugarriak: Zuzeneko kontsumorako salgaiak eraldatzen ditu oinarrizko industrietako produktuak edo nekazaritza, arrantza, etab.Elikagaiak, ehungintza, automobilak, produktu kimiko arinak (kosmetikoak, plastikoak, etab.) Dira horren adibide. Azken hamarkadetara arte, normalean hirietatik eta garraiobideetatik gertu kokatzen da. Lehengaiak eta energia baliabide gutxiago behar ditu industria astunak eta ekipo ondasunek baino. Teknologia handiko (goi-teknologiako) industria, prozesatzeko teknikek mikroelektronika izan ohi duten industriak dira. Karabiteria: Oso jende gutxi behar dute, baina kualifikazio handiko langileak eta kualifikatuak. Fabrika moderno hauek askotan ikerketa eta garapen unitateak izaten dituzte. Nahiago dute kokapena aukeratzeko, baina autobide eta aireportuetatik gertu egotea gustatzen zaie.